A new species of Diospyros, D. laoensis, from Nam Kading National Protected Area, central Laos, is described and illustrated. It morphologically resembles D. longipilosa of Thailand, D. martabanica of India and Southeast Asia, and D. xishuangbannaensis of China, but is distinguished by its adaxially glabrous midrib, shorter calyx lobes and shorter fruiting pedicel. DNA barcodes of the rbcL and matK regions, a vernacular name and preliminary conservation assessment are also provided. As the species is considered to be endemic to a restricted area which is under threat from deforestation, it is here suggested for assessment under the category of Endangered (EN) within the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
